Many animals have evolved hard exoskeletons to resist predation or competitive attacks (e.g., crustaceans 1, insects 2, mollusks 3, turtles 4,5, seahorses 6,7, and bony fish 8,9,10). These ‘natural ...

It is critical to always be aware of how material anisotropy might affect a design. A case in point is how anisotropy played a part in an individual getting injured when he tried to loosen the ...

Programmable thermal emissivity structures based on the bioinspired self-shape anisotropic materials were developed at macro-scale and further studied theoretically at smaller scale. We study a novel ...